Tyres experience stress differently depending on speed, load, terrain, duty cycle, and environment. These operating conditions determine where stress concentrates inside the tyre, which zones become critical, and what properties carbon black must deliver.
Operating Conditions
Why this matters
Work tyres are load-limited, not heat-limited. Carbon black acts as a structural material, not merely reinforcement.
Conventional ASTM grades used
N134
N220
N234
N339
N134 → VULCROX® VX-1
N339 → VULCROX® VX-3
Why this zone matters
Sidewalls experience cuts, impacts, and severe flex fatigue.
Conventional ASTM grades used
N330
N550
N660
Enhanced cut-initiated crack resistance
Improved flex life
Why this zone matters
Very high loads demand stiffness without premature fatigue failure.
Conventional ASTM grades used
N550
N660
N772
N774
Improved rubber-to-cord fatigue endurance
Stable modulus retention
Conventional ASTM grades used
N330
N550
N660
Reduced crack growth
Long-term service life
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